Speaker(s): Melchior Schuh-senlis

Date: Friday 13th December 2019 - 1:00 pm

Location: Room G201, ENSG Bat G, Nancy

Abstract:

As the need for natural ressources arises with human growth, we need more and more to characterize the Earth's subsurface. Geometric models of underground structures, in 2D and 3D, help to do just that. However, their validity can be questionned, as it is not always clear if they assess well the deformation history of the modeled area. Structural restoration has arisen as one method to verify this validity, by unfolding and unfaulting structures. It was first introduced with geometrical assumptions like a geometrical flattening and a conservation of layer length. Later on, in order to add more physical meaning to the restoration process, geomechanical restoration was introduced, computing the internal deformation of the model with the elastic properties of the rock layers. While this helped improve the quality of the restoration, many issues remain, such as the still mainly geometrical ways of dealing with faults and boundary conditions, or the incapacity to deal with salt layers.

This seminar will introduce my PhD work, that aims at introducing a new geomechanical restoration scheme using creeping flow equations to model the deformation of the subsurface through time, at basin scale.

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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Assohoun Wilfried Ahoulou

Date: Thursday 28th November 2019 - 1:00 pm

Location: Meeting room, ENSG Bat E, Nancy

Abstract:

Depuis la fin des années 1990, marquées par des travaux expérimentaux menés par (Daccord, 1987) ou (Hoefner et Fogler, 1988), de nombreuses études expérimentales et numériques ont été réalisées afin de comprendre le mécanisme de dissolution en milieu poreux. Ces études trouvent leurs applications dans l’ingénierie pétrolière et minière, la séquestration de CO2, les systèmes karstiques, les problématiques environnementales … En effet, lorsqu'un fluide acide est injecté dans une roche carbonatée, il dissout généralement la matrice poreuse et crée des canaux d’écoulements préférentiels appelés wormholes. Ces régimes de dissolutions sont au nombre de 5 (compact, conique, dominant, ramifié et uniforme) et dépendent des paramètres opératoires tels que le débit d’injection, la concentration de l’acide, la porosité/perméabilité du milieu ...

L'objectif général de ma thèse consiste à analyser les effets du contraste de masse volumique sur ces régimes de dissolution. Pour cela, une étude expérimentale bidimensionnelle est faite à l’aide d’une cellule de type Hele-Shaw orientée verticalement et horizontalement à l’intérieure de laquelle un massif constitué de mélange sel-plâtre est dissous. Les dissolutions obtenues sont analysées qualitativement et quantitativement à l'aide d'outil de traitement d'image (ImageJ).

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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Paul Baville

Date: Thursday 21st November 2019 - 1:00 pm

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

My main Phd topic is the computer assisted well correlation and I will present you two correlation rules based on (1) facies interpretations and (2) time surface geometry applied on data set from the North Sea, provided by Equinor ASA.

  1. Facies correlation. Wells are cored and these cores are interpreted in several facies categorized by their paleo-depth (from distal to continental deposits). Wells are also categorized regarding their distality in the sedimentary basin and the main sediment transport direction in the basin. Knowing the well distality and the facies paleo-depth, it is possible to compute a correlation cost for each couple of markers (between two wells).
  2. Time surface geometry. Dip meter data is acquired along well paths during their drilling. Using this 3D data, it is possible to generate a 2D curve (3D surface) between 2 markers (3+ markers) using bezier curves (surfaces). In this seminar I will focus on 2D curves and 3D triangles (correlation between 2 and 3 wells, respectively). Knowing the paleo-environment, the bezier curve or triangle is generated. The comparison of its geometry to the top and base reservoir surfaces leads to a validation or not of the correlation.
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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Nicolas Clausolles

Date: Thursday 17th of October 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

Seismic imaging of salt environments is prone to large uncertainties due to the peculiar salt physical properties. A lot of studies have been focusing on the development of automatic interpretation methods during the last decades. These methods aim at determining the best possible predicate for the salt boundary, but do not allow for the characterizaion of the uncertainties underlying the generation of seismic images.
During my three years of PhD, I have been working on the development of a method for stochastically generating different structural interpretations of salt bodies from a given seismic image. During this seminary, I will present the method I have developed and early results on its application to the characterization and the sampling of the uncertainties underlying seismic images.

 


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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Corentin Gouache

Date: Tuesday 08th of October 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

Les approches probabilistes du risque sismique sont sensibles à un paramètre-clé qu'est le catalogue de sismicité utilisé en entrée. Celui-ci conditionne aussi bien la spatialisation que la fréquence et la sévérité des évènements possibles modélisés. Dans le but de générer une multitude de séries de séismes indépendants pour la France (métropole et Antilles), une approche basée sur les temps de latence entre les évènements sismiques (Hainzl et al., 2006) est ici présentée. Celle-ci nous permet de calculer le pourcentage de séismes indépendants contenus dans un catalogue de sismicité. En multipliant ce pourcentage à la fréquence annuelle de l’ensemble des séismes par tranche de magnitude (Gutenberg-Richter, GR) il est possible de calculer une répartition temporelle des séismes indépendants en fonction de la magnitude. Cependant, les catalogues sismiques incorporent des incertitudes ou lacunes : faibles représentativité des faibles magnitudes dû à la résolution et à la géométrie du réseau de sismomètres, incertitudes sur les principaux paramètres des catalogues (localisation 3D et magnitude) dues aux modèles de vitesses utilisés ainsi qu’aux méthodes employées pour le calcul de la magnitude.

Afin de ne travailler que sur des catalogues exhaustifs en fréquence/magnitude des évènements selon différentes profondeurs historiques, une méthode d'optimisation basée sur la minimisation d'un résidu entre une loi GR théorique et une loi GR observée (Weimer et Wyss, 2000) est réalisée. Ainsi il est possible, à partir du catalogue initial, de ne garder que les informations validées selon des critères et servant à la génération stochastique de séismes.

Enfin, dans le but de propager les incertitudes sur les différents paramètres, et notamment la magnitude des séismes, une approche type Monte Carlo est utilisée. A partir du catalogue sismique de base, une infinité de catalogues initiaux peuvent être générés. Chacun de ces catalogues possède un nombre identique de séismes dont la magnitude est tirée dans une loi normale centrée sur la valeur initiale de la magnitude ± son incertitude.


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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Modeste Irakarama

Date: Thursday 18th of July 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

Potential methods, such as gravity and magnetic, are extensively used for subsurface exploration of mineral and geothermal reservoirs. In the last five decades, a number of efficient schemes for forward modeling of potential methods have been proposed. In this seminar, I will present a basic review of these forward modeling methods. I will insist mainly on the numerical aspects of the methods. These methods rely on an efficient implementation of an integral solution to the Poisson equation. Because this integral solution does not require matrix inversion, and because the Poisson equation appears in a number of physical phenomena, I will conclude the talk by contemplating the possibility of solving physical problems on implicit subsurface structural models without matrix inversion. The physical problems of interest obviously include gravity and magnetic problems, which are the subject of this talk, but also other problems such as fluid flow in the subsurface.

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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Anais Ibourichene

Date: Thursday 11th of July 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

The presence of fractures or cracks in the crust of the Earth is a source of the anisotropy detected by seismic waves.
Previous papers have built analytical solutions or numerical simulations in order to determine how such features can affect the properties of crustal rocks. They evidenced that the impact of fractures and cracks on a background medium depends on characteristics such as their orientation, density or size. These parameters are keys to understand the effective properties of a fractured medium.
However, seismic waves are not sensitive to structures shorter than a certain wavelength. The homogenization method will therefore be used to provide the effective properties in a given 2D/3D model and represent what seismic waves are able to “see” when probing fractures or cracks. In particular, the application of this tool to a fractured medium will allow to determine how the different characteristics of fractures impact a background medium.
During this seminar, the concept of fractured medium in rock mechanics will be first presented. The theory behind the homogenization will then be shortly introduced before presenting its applications and advantages for the purpose of fractured media. Finally, the perspectives of this work will be discussed.

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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Guillaume Caumon

Date: Thursday 20th of June 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

In this bibliographic seminar, I will present some recent work on structural uncertainty done in Nice (Thea Ragon's PhS) and UWA (Evren Pakyuz-Charrier's paper). Ragon proposes a way to include fault geometric uncertainty when inverting seismic rupture models from interferometry (SAR) data. Pakyuz-Charrier proposes a topological distance to cluster stochastic structural models obtained by data perturbation and implicit modeling.
In the seminar, I will summarize and discuss these two approaches.
Docs: https://www.solid-earth-discuss.net/se-2019-78/#discussion
Et https://academic-oup-com.insu.bib.cnrs.fr/gji/article/214/2/1174/4996353

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Category: Seminar

Speaker(s): Paul Baville

Date: Thursday 23rd of May 2019

Location: room G201, ENSG, Nancy

Abstract:

As a repetition of my oral presentation EAGE, I will present some results obtained during my internship graduation at OMV. These results have been summarized in an EAGE extended abstract whose authors are Paul Baville, Jörg Peisker (OMV), Guillaume Caumon.

This paper addresses stratigraphic uncertainty and its impact on subsurface forecasts. For this, we introduce a new assisted automatic method which detects possible sequence boundaries from well log data. This method uses multi-scale signal analysis (discrete wavelet transform) to compute the probability density of finding maximum flooding surfaces and maximum regressive surfaces as a function of depth. It then recursively decomposes the studied stratigraphic section into sub-intervals where the analysis is repeated. We applied this method on a shallow marine wave dominated silicoclastic reservoir located in the Vienna Basin. We observe that several reservoir models with different stratigraphic layering (keeping all other parameters constant) have a different reservoir behavior. This allowed us to locally resolve the mismatch between measured and simulated tracer tests. This illustrates the significance of stratigraphic uncertainties in reservoir modeling and the role of automatic methods to help assess and reduce these uncertainties.

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Category: Seminar
  1. Detection and modeling of salt welds
  2. Presentation of the multigrids in Finite Element Method through the deal.II library
  3. Shapes, patterns and structures in spatial data through probabilistic modelling and statistical inference
  4. Application de la statistique des semis de points en pétrologie, première approche, premiers résultats
  5. Geological realism and groundwater modeling: why, how, and does it pay off?
  6. From outcrop to DFN model. Fracture network analysis in platform carbonates affected by extensional tectonics: the Gozo Island
  7. Seismic risk evaluation in the lower Var valley: impacts of model simplifications on physical simulations
  8. Dynamic Time Warping in automatic Well Correlations : Litterature review and PhD first objectives
  9. Sur quelques travaux de doctorat récents en modélisation géologique
  10. Statistical analysis and simulation of conduit dimensions within karstic systems
  11. Flow Modelling in Porous Media, toward Upscaling
  12. Regional and exhaustive French seismic catalogues
  13. Inversion of geomechanical anisotropies in a real time-lapse seismic study
  14. Analysis and simulation of 3D karstic systems
  15. Finite element implicit structural modeling of geological structures - proof of concept
  16. Introduction to the IAMG and its local Student Chapter
  17. Geological objects and geophysical parameter fields in the subsurface: a review
  18. Collaborative and evolutionary inversion of geophysical data
  19. Pédagogie et doctorat, retour sur expérience
  20. Création d'un catalogue de séismes pour l'Europe de l'Ouest